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May 31, 2026DrugsOpen Access

Sex-Biased Pharmacotherapeutic Disparities in Hypertension

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Population

Men and women with hypertension

Comparison

Sex-stratified precision medicine approaches for… vs Uniform, non-sex-stratified treatment strategies

Design

Review

Authors

SYSerge YaacoubCBC E BardawilRYRyan Yammine

Discussion

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Overview

Sex-specific antihypertensive responses require guideline revisions; challenges consensus on uniform hypertension management.

Key Points

  • Investigate the impact of sex on pharmacotherapeutic outcomes in hypertension management.
  • Review of sex-based differences in hypertension pathophysiology and treatment responses.
  • Analysis of hormonal influences on cardiovascular aging and drug efficacy.
  • Advocacy for precision medicine integration of hormonal status and genetic markers.
  • Men show higher blood pressure in early adulthood and better response to beta blockers.
  • Post-menopausal women experience increased arterial stiffness and better blood pressure control with diuretics.
  • Clinical guidelines remain inadequate in addressing sex-specific treatment approaches.

Structured PICO

P
Population
Men and women with hypertension
I
Intervention
Sex-stratified precision medicine approaches for antihypertensive management
C
Comparator
Uniform, non-sex-stratified treatment strategies
O
Outcome
Blood pressure control and cardiovascular outcomes

This review highlights significant sex-based disparities in hypertension pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy, advocating for sex-stratified precision medicine approaches to improve outcomes.

Cite This Study

Yaacoub et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1bd0fa5783ba022b6fc9d1https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-026-02326-w
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Biological Sex and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Systemic Arterial Hypertension2025
  2. 2Novel Advances in Our Understanding of Sex-Dependent Control of Blood Pressure2025
  3. 3Sex differences in blood pressure and hypertension through adulthood2026
  4. 4Mechanisms of Hypertension in Women: Interactions Between Vascular Ageing, Metabolic Dysfunction, and Hormonal Regulation2026
  5. 5Phenotypes of Hypertension: Impact of Age and Sex on Hemodynamic Mechanisms2025