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January 9, 2026Journal of Clinical MedicineOpen Access

Guideline-defined iron deficiency in CHF patients was associated with a 1-year mortality rate of 56.1%, significantly higher than 29.4% for non-deficient patients (adjusted HR 4.36).

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Key result

Guideline-defined iron deficiency in CHF patients was associated with a 1-year mortality rate of 56.1%, significantly higher than 29.4% for non-deficient patients (adjusted HR 4.36).

Authors

AHAbdulla Zahi HouraniASArman David SürmeliSDSai K. Devarapalli

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Overview

Retrospective analysis evaluates iron status effects on mortality in hospitalized CHF patients, suggesting improved risk stratification.

Key Points

  • This study aims to evaluate different definitions of iron status to predict 1-year mortality in patients with congestive heart failure.
  • Retrospective analysis using MIMIC-IV data from 1839 CHF patients.
  • Categorization of iron status within 24 hours of admission using guideline definitions and a combined Ferritin-TSAT model.
  • Adjusted Cox models assessed mortality associations based on iron status classifications.
  • Guidelines-defined iron deficiency was present in 33.66% of patients and associated with higher 1-year mortality (56.1% vs. 29.4%, adjusted HR 4.36).
  • The combined Ferritin-TSAT model differentiated true deficiency, hyperferritinemia, and intermediate groups more accurately than the binary definition.
  • Significant prognostic value was shown for the combined model, indicating varying mortality risk across iron status categories.

Cite This Study

Hourani et al. (2025) studied this question. Guideline-defined iron deficiency in CHF patients was associated with a 1-year mortality rate of 56.1%, significantly higher than 29.4% for non-deficient patients (adjusted HR 4.36).

synapsesocial.com/papers/69612fde30ef6c21f6853ea4https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15010244
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Differential Associations of Iron Deficiency with Renal Progression and Mortality in Anemic Non-Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease2026
  2. 2Absolute and Functional Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure – Novel Definitions And Therapeutic Approach – Review of Literature2025
  3. 3Reassessment of the Current Iron Deficiency Definition in Pulmonary Hypertension2025
  4. 4P15 | Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and iron deficiency2025
  5. 5Effects of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Functional Status of Patients of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction2026