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June 27, 2026American Journal of Nephrology

Higher PWV linked to ~13% greater CVD risk and increased mortality in dialysis patients.

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Why the study?

Does arterial stiffness assessed by pulse wave velocity predict cerebral small vessel disease, cognitive decline, cardiovascular events, and mortality in maintenance dialysis adults?

Population

178 maintenance dialysis adults

Design

Cohort

Follow-up

up to 10 years

Key result

In adults on maintenance dialysis, higher pulse wave velocity was associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease (HR 1.13; 95% CI 1.08-1.18) and all-cause mortality.

Authors

LSLin ShiKZKe ZhengYQYujun Qian

Discussion

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Overview

Higher PWV may flag elevated CSVD risk in dialysis; leaves open whether stiffness reduction improves cognition, CVD, or survival.

Key Points

  • This research aims to explore the relationship between arterial stiffness assessed by PWV and its impact on cerebral small vessel disease, cognitive decline, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in dialysis patients.
  • Prospective cohort study involving 178 maintenance dialysis adults
  • Assessment of cerebral small vessel disease through microbleeds, lacunae, and white matter hyperintensity
  • Analysis included multivariate regression and Cox proportional hazards model for 10 years of follow-up.
  • Frequency of cerebral microbleeds was 32.6%, lacunae 25.3%, and white matter hyperintensity 34.8%.
  • PWV linked to increased risk of lacunae (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.20) and WMH (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.20).
  • In follow-up, PWV associated with CVD (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.08-1.18) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.06-1.16).

Study Design

Type

Cohort (n=178)

Structured PICO

Does arterial stiffness assessed by pulse wave velocity predict cerebral small vessel disease, cognitive decline, cardiovascular events, and mortality in maintenance dialysis adults?

P
Population
178 adults on maintenance dialysis followed for up to 10 years to assess the impact of arterial stiffness on cardiovascular and cognitive outcomes.
E
Exposure
Arterial stiffness assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV) using sequential recording of electrocardiogram-gated carotid and femoral artery pressure waves
O
Outcome
Cerebral small-vessel disease (cerebral microbleed, lacunae, and white matter hyperintensity), cognitive impairment, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality up to 10 years follow-uphard clinical

Main Result

Hazard Ratio: 1.13 (95% CI 1.08–1.18)

In maintenance dialysis patients, increased arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity is an independent predictor of long-term cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.

Cite This Study

Shi et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Maintenance dialysis (n=178). Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was evaluated on Cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.08-1.18). In adults on maintenance dialysis, higher pulse wave velocity was associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease (HR 1.13; 95% CI 1.08-1.18) and all-cause mortality.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a3f69caaea7db3c195408eehttps://doi.org/10.1159/000553205
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Interactive effects of arterial stiffness and Alzheimer's disease risk on cognitive decline in older adults without dementia2025 · 5 citations
  2. 2Association of estimated pulse wave velocity with cardiovascular disease outcomes and all-cause death—a systematic review and meta-analysis2025 · 14 citations
  3. 3Exploring the association between pulse wave velocity and CKD progression: a longitudinal study in Mashhad, Iran2025 · 2 citations
  4. 4Association of emerging anthropometric ratios with arterial stiffness risk measured by pulse wave velocity: insights from a middle-eastern population2026 · 2 citations
  5. 5Peripheral vs. central arterial stiffness and cardiovascular events in older adults: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study2025 · 5 citations