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November 1, 2025International Journal of Molecular SciencesOpen Access

Soil and Seed: Tumor Microenvironment Nurtures Immunotherapy Resistance and Renewal

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Authors

YLYinxiang LiQFQiushi FengYXYangyang Xia

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Overview

This review demonstrates mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance in cancer, suggesting strategies to improve outcomes with combination therapies.

Key Points

  • Immunotherapy resistance is mediated by the tumor microenvironment, impacting treatment efficacy.
  • The review highlights comparison of immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T therapies in resistance mechanisms.
  • It systematically examines emergent strategies such as stromal normalization and microbiota engineering.
  • Comprehensive insights provide a framework for developing effective combination therapies.

Cite This Study

Li et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69054ffa1a99e50463de69cdhttps://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262110547
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  4. 4Strategies for Effective Cancer Therapy Through Understanding the Tumor Microenvironment2025
  5. 5Insights into the Mechanisms of Immune‐Checkpoint Inhibitors Gained from Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the Tumor Microenvironment2025 · 9 citations