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August 26, 2025PLoS ONEOpen Access

Effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment on disease incidence among people living with HIV/AIDS: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Authors

JJJosé Nildo de Barros Silva JúniorGLGilberto da Cruz LealQFQuézia Rosa Ferreira

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Overview

Systematic review and meta-analysis reveals TPT significantly reduces tuberculosis incidence in PLHIV, suggesting stronger effects in children.

Key Points

  • Tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) significantly reduces tuberculosis incidence in people living with HIV/AIDS.
  • TPT showed a 63% reduction in tuberculosis incidence risk, with children seeing an 82% risk reduction compared to a 56% reduction in adults.
  • This systematic review utilized random-effects meta-analysis to analyze 34 studies, demonstrating heterogeneity within adult studies.
  • The findings bolster the global recommendation for implementing TPT among PLHIV, supporting better health outcomes for vulnerable populations.

Cite This Study

Júnior et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68af7df87567bf4f94ff5352https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0330208
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1The Effectiveness of Isoniazid Preventive Treatment among Contacts of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Individual-Participant Meta-Analysis2025
  2. 2Assessment of the spread of tuberculosis infection among patients with HIV infection who were under the observation of phthisiatricians in the city of Moscow2025
  3. 3Impact of Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in women living with HIV in Uganda: A Quasi-experimental study using routine care data2025
  4. 4Corticosteroids for reducing tuberculosis mortality in persons living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis using reconstructed individual patient data.2025
  5. 5Screening and tuberculosis preventive treatment among household contacts of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients: a scoping review2026