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August 18, 2025Frontiers in NutritionOpen Access

Human milk vs. cow-milk based infant formula proteins: structure, digestion and physiological impacts

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Authors

LCLucile ChauvetECElise ChartonMLMarion Lemaire

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Overview

This review compares protein composition and digestion effects in infants between human milk and formula, suggesting improvements for infant health outcomes.

Key Points

  • Human milk provides superior health benefits compared to cow-milk based infant formula, due to differences in protein composition.
  • Infant formula requires further optimization to closely mimic the physiological effects of human milk proteins, especially regarding digestion.
  • The review highlights the significance of the non-protein nitrogen fraction in human milk, often overlooked in infant formula, affecting overall nutrition.
  • Future research is essential to better understand how protein structures influence infant gut microbiota and health outcomes.

Cite This Study

Chauvet et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68af31ddcf1dd9ea359e79behttps://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1635919
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  5. 5NMR-Based Metabolomic Profiling Highlights Functional Nutritional Gaps Between Human Milk, Infant Formulas, and Animal Milks2025 · 7 citations