August 2, 2025Open Access

Distinct Neurodevelopmental Signatures of Sex-Specific Transcriptome-Based Polygenic Risk Scores for Depression

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Post-mortem gene expression reveals unique signatures for males and females, indicating distinct neurodevelopmental pathways for depression risk.

Distinct transcriptome signatures of major depressive disorder were observed in both sexes during development.
Female-specific polygenic risk score was linked to lower volumes in key brain regions like the hippocampus and caudate.
Male-specific polygenic risk score correlated with increased depressive symptoms and thicker cortical areas.
The findings emphasize the importance of understanding sex differences in neurodevelopmental mechanisms related to depression.

Rashid et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Post-mortem gene expression reveals unique signatures for males and females, indicating distinct neurodevelopmental pathways for depression risk.