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July 22, 2026Bratislavské lekárske listy/Bratislava medical journalOpen Access

Carnosic acid attenuates cyclophosphamide cardiotoxicity in rats via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic pathways.

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Why the study?

Does carnosic acid prevent cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in male Wistar rats?

Population

40 male Wistar rats

Comparison

Carnosic acid 100 mg/kg orally for 14 days, with… vs Cyclophosphamide alone, CA alone, and untreated…

Design

Preclinical

Follow-up

14 days

Key result

Carnosic acid (100 mg/kg) attenuated cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in rats through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.

Authors

BSBasma SalahAAAhmed Shaban AbdelmonsefMTMedhat Taha

Discussion

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Overview

Cautions against clinical use; leaves open translation of rat cardioprotection to human cyclophosphamide therapy.

Key Points

  • This study investigates how carnosic acid protects against cardiotoxicity caused by cyclophosphamide in rats.
  • Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, CA alone, Cyclo alone, and Cyclo + CA.
  • Carnosic acid was administered orally at 100 mg/kg for 14 days.
  • Cardiac injury was assessed using biomarkers, histology, immunohistochemistry, and RT-PCR for key molecular pathways.
  • Cyclophosphamide elevated serum cardiac injury markers (CK, troponin, LDH) and induced severe histopathological damage.
  • Carnosic acid co-treatment restored Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, reduced inflammation markers, and improved cardiac histology.
  • Carnosic acid significantly attenuated lipid peroxidation and apoptosis, reversing cyclophosphamide-induced cardiac damage.

Structured PICO

Does carnosic acid prevent cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in male Wistar rats?

P
Population
40 male Wistar rats evaluated for the protective effects of carnosic acid against cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity over 14 days.
I
Intervention
Carnosic acid (CA) 100 mg/kg orally for 14 days, with Cyclophosphamide 100 mg/kg injected intraperitoneally on day 14
C
Comparator
Cyclophosphamide alone, CA alone, and untreated control
O
Outcome
Cardiac injury assessed using serum biomarkers (CK, troponin, LDH), histology, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and oxidative stress markerssurrogate

Carnosic acid shows therapeutic potential as a natural cardioprotective agent against chemotherapy-associated cardiac injury in a rat model.

Cite This Study

Salah et al. (2026) studied Cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity (n=40). Carnosic acid vs. Cyclophosphamide alone was evaluated on Cardiac injury assessed via serum biomarkers, histology, and oxidative stress markers. Carnosic acid (100 mg/kg) attenuated cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in rats through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a605d1d4163e025518d748dhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s44411-026-00754-4
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