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July 12, 2026BiologyOpen Access

Immune–Metabolic Profiling Reveals Functional Heterogeneity Within Colorectal Cancer Consensus Molecular Subtypes

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Authors

SMSergio MadurgaDLDavid López-BlancoCFCarles Foguet

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Overview

Randomized trial reveals immune–metabolic diversity in colorectal cancer subtypes, suggesting refined therapeutic strategies.

Key Points

  • This research aims to enhance the Consensus Molecular Subtype classification of colorectal cancer by integrating immune–metabolic profiling.
  • Analyzed transcriptomic data from 2918 CRC samples across three independent cohorts (GSE1, TCGA, and GSE2).
  • Characterized immune–metabolic distributions across Consensus Molecular Subtypes (CMS1-4).
  • Investigated heterogeneity within CMS1 tumors to reveal distinct immune–metabolic profiles.
  • CMS4 tumors showed glycolytic, stromal-dependent, and immunosuppressive profiles.
  • CMS2 and CMS3 tumors were enriched in oxidative and metabolically flexible states.
  • CMS1 tumors divided into two major immune–metabolic profiles, indicating significant heterogeneity.

Cite This Study

Madurga et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a53315f4f7abc118aded88bhttps://doi.org/10.3390/biology15141128
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  5. 5A robust classifier for the intrinsic consensus molecular subtypes in colorectal cancer.2025