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June 27, 2026Cardiovascular DiabetologyOpen Access

Consistently high TyG-CVAI linked to ~77% higher incident CVD risk versus consistently low patterns.

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Why the study?

Does higher cumulative TyG-CVAI burden and unfavorable longitudinal change patterns increase the risk of incident cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older Chinese adults?

Population

4,338 middle-aged and older Chinese adults free of CVD during the exposure assessment period from the China…

Comparison

Cumulative TyG-CVAI exposure and longitudinal… vs Low-low TyG-CVAI change pattern or lowest…

Design

Cohort

Follow-up

mean 5 years

Key result

A consistently high triglyceride glucose–Chinese visceral adiposity index (high-high pattern) was associated with a significantly increased risk of incident cardiovascular disease (HR 1.77) compared to a consistently low pattern.

Authors

HLHuilin LiuXZXi ZhangKTKangning Tang

Discussion

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Member takes

Overview

May inform CVD risk stratification in Chinese adults; extends TyG-CVAI trajectory evidence but leaves causality open.

Key Points

  • This study aims to investigate how cumulative exposure and changes in the triglyceride glucose–Chinese visceral adiposity index relate to cardiovascular disease risk.
  • Prospective study analyzing data from 4,338 older Chinese adults, free of cardiovascular disease during 2011-2015.
  • Participants categorized into four triglyceride glucose change patterns for analysis of incident cardiovascular disease.
  • Used Kaplan–Meier, multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, and restricted cubic spline analyses.
  • During 5 years, 845 incident CVD events occurred; higher hazard ratios found for higher TyG-CVAI change categories (HR 1.50 to 1.77).
  • Each 1-SD increase in cumulative TyG-CVAI linked to a higher CVD risk (HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.06–1.14).
  • Participants in the highest quartile had a significantly greater risk of incident CVD compared to the lowest quartile (HR 1.91, P<0.001).

Study Design

Type

Cohort (n=4,338)

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

Does higher cumulative TyG-CVAI burden and unfavorable longitudinal change patterns increase the risk of incident cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older Chinese adults?

P
Population
4,338 middle-aged and older Chinese adults aged 45 years and older, free of cardiovascular disease at baseline, followed for a mean of 5 years.
E
Exposure
Cumulative TyG-CVAI exposure and longitudinal TyG-CVAI change patterns (low-high, high-low, high-high)
C
Comparator
Low-low TyG-CVAI change pattern or lowest quartile of cumulative TyG-CVAI
O
Outcome
Incident cardiovascular disease (new-onset heart disease or stroke)hard clinical

Main Result

Hazard Ratio: 1.77 (95% CI 1.49–2.09)

Absolute Event Rate: 23.8% vs 13.6%

Higher cumulative TyG-CVAI burden and unfavorable longitudinal change patterns are associated with an increased risk of incident cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Limitations

  • Incident CVD was based on self-reported physician diagnoses and not secondarily validated using adjudicated clinical records.
  • Cumulative exposure calculation assumes approximately linear change in TyG-CVAI between the two waves.

Cite This Study

Liu et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Cardiovascular disease (n=4,338). High-high TyG-CVAI change pattern vs. Low-low TyG-CVAI change pattern was evaluated on Incident cardiovascular disease (new-onset heart disease or stroke) (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.49-2.09). A consistently high triglyceride glucose–Chinese visceral adiposity index (high-high pattern) was associated with a significantly increased risk of incident cardiovascular disease (HR 1.77) compared to a consistently low pattern.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a3f9809125782b61d865c9chttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-026-03258-1
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Trajectories, cumulative burden of the dynamic triglyceride glucose-Chinese visceral adiposity index, and risk of incident cardiovascular diseases: a large prospective cohort study2026
  2. 2Association of 14 triglyceride-glucose (TyG)-related indices with new-onset cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the CHARLS and ELSA aging cohorts2026 · 1 citations
  3. 3The nonlinear association between the triglyceride glucose-waist-to-height ratio index and cardiovascular disease among middle-aged and older adults in China with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0–32025
  4. 4Associations of cumulative exposure and dynamic trajectories of the cholesterol–HDL–glucose index and its obesity-related derivatives with cardiovascular disease: a nationwide prospective cohort study2026
  5. 5Longitudinal trajectories of the TyG-WHtR index and the risk of cardiovascular-metabolic multimorbidity: evidence from the CHARLS prospective cohort2026