What question did this study set out to answer?

This study aims to investigate the association between reproductive factors and acute myocardial infarction in young women.

June 12, 2026American Journal of Preventive CardiologyOpen Access

Reproductive factors, such as birth control pill use for 1-5 years (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.25-2.34), were associated with higher odds of early-onset acute myocardial infarction in young women.

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Case-Control. Population: Acute Myocardial Infarction. Intervention: Reproductive factors (e.g., birth control pills, female hormones) vs. Unexposed / age-matched controls. Primary outcome: Acute myocardial infarction (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.25-2.34).

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Why the study?

Are reproductive factors associated with acute myocardial infarction in young women?

Population

Women aged 18-55 years with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (n=1,561) and age-matched controls

Comparison

Reproductive factors including early menarche… vs Age-matched controls without acute myocardial…

Design

Case-control

Key result

Reproductive factors, such as birth control pill use for 1-5 years (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.25-2.34), were associated with higher odds of early-onset acute myocardial infarction in young women.

Authors

WDWeilai Dong HYHuanhuan Yang MSMitsuaki Sawano

Discussion

Member takes

Overview

Early menarche doubles AMI odds in women; extends reproductive history as a CV risk modifier warranting earlier assessment.

Key Points

This study aims to investigate the association between reproductive factors and acute myocardial infarction in young women.
Conducted a case-control study of 1,561 women aged 18-55 with AMI from VIRGO and matched controls from NHANES.
Evaluated various reproductive factors and used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios for AMI, adjusting for demographics and traditional risk factors.
Performed stratified analyses based on menopausal status and AMI subtypes.
Early menarche (<11 years) was associated with higher odds of AMI (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.56-2.73).
First live birth at ≥30 years was associated with lower odds of AMI (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.36-0.69).
After adjustments, birth control pills use for 1-5 years remained associated with a higher risk of AMI (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.25-2.34).

Study Design

Type

Case-Control

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

Are reproductive factors associated with acute myocardial infarction in young women?

Population

Women aged 18-55 years with acute myocardial infarction (1,561 cases) and age-matched controls, evaluated for reproductive risk factors.

Exposure

Reproductive factors including early menarche (<11 years), menopause, gestational diabetes, birth control pills use, female hormone use, age at first live birth, breastfeeding, and current contraceptive use

Comparator

Age-matched controls without acute myocardial infarction

Outcome

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)hard clinical

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 1.71 (95% CI 1.25–2.34)

Specific reproductive factors, notably birth control pill use for 1-5 years and female hormone use, are independently associated with early-onset acute myocardial infarction in young women.

Cite This Study

Dong et al. (2026) conducted a case-control in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Reproductive factors (e.g., birth control pills, female hormones) vs. Unexposed / age-matched controls was evaluated on Acute myocardial infarction (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.25-2.34). Reproductive factors, such as birth control pill use for 1-5 years (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.25-2.34), were associated with higher odds of early-onset acute myocardial infarction in young women.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2bd1056550ea4541ffe7c2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2026.101700

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June 12, 2026American Journal of Preventive CardiologyOpen Access

Reproductive factors, such as birth control pill use for 1-5 years (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.25-2.34), were associated with higher odds of early-onset acute myocardial infarction in young women.

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Why the study?

Are reproductive factors associated with acute myocardial infarction in young women?

Population

Women aged 18-55 years with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (n=1,561) and age-matched controls

Comparison

Reproductive factors including early menarche… vs Age-matched controls without acute myocardial…

Design

Case-control

Key result

Reproductive factors, such as birth control pill use for 1-5 years (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.25-2.34), were associated with higher odds of early-onset acute myocardial infarction in young women.

Authors

WDWeilai Dong HYHuanhuan Yang MSMitsuaki Sawano

Discussion

Member takes

Overview

Early menarche doubles AMI odds in women; extends reproductive history as a CV risk modifier warranting earlier assessment.

Key Points

This study aims to investigate the association between reproductive factors and acute myocardial infarction in young women.
Conducted a case-control study of 1,561 women aged 18-55 with AMI from VIRGO and matched controls from NHANES.
Evaluated various reproductive factors and used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios for AMI, adjusting for demographics and traditional risk factors.
Performed stratified analyses based on menopausal status and AMI subtypes.
Early menarche (<11 years) was associated with higher odds of AMI (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.56-2.73).
First live birth at ≥30 years was associated with lower odds of AMI (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.36-0.69).
After adjustments, birth control pills use for 1-5 years remained associated with a higher risk of AMI (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.25-2.34).

Study Design

Type

Case-Control

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

Are reproductive factors associated with acute myocardial infarction in young women?

Population

Women aged 18-55 years with acute myocardial infarction (1,561 cases) and age-matched controls, evaluated for reproductive risk factors.

Exposure

Comparator

Age-matched controls without acute myocardial infarction

Outcome

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)hard clinical

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 1.71 (95% CI 1.25–2.34)

Specific reproductive factors, notably birth control pill use for 1-5 years and female hormone use, are independently associated with early-onset acute myocardial infarction in young women.

Cite This Study

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2bd1056550ea4541ffe7c2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2026.101700

Also Consider

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