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September 18, 2025JAMA Network OpenOpen Access

Outcomes of Critically Ill Adult Patients With Acute Encephalitis

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Authors

RSRomain SonnevilleCCCamille CouffignalBSBertrand Souweine

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Overview

Prospective cohort study revealed unfavorable outcomes in half of critically ill patients, suggesting varied recovery based on encephalitis cause.

Key Points

  • Overall, 51.9% of critically ill patients with acute encephalitis had an unfavorable outcome at 3 months, indicating high mortality or disability.
  • Patients diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis showed an 8.9% improvement in functional independence over one year compared to others.
  • Age and immunocompromised status were significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes, highlighting the impact on recovery.
  • Acyclovir administered on ICU admission was linked to better 3-month outcomes, suggesting its importance in treatment plans.

Cite This Study

Sonneville et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68d43c79713b0b5dfea7be6ehttps://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.32478
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Encephalitis: Predictive Role of Clinical and Diagnostic Data on Outcome—A Monocentric Study2025
  2. 2Clinical Features and Outcomes in Adult Patients with Autoimmune Encephalitis Requiring Intensive Care: A Retrospective Cohort Study2025 · 2 citations
  3. 3Clinical and Laboratory Predictors of Poor Neurological Outcomes Following Infectious Encephalitis: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis2025
  4. 4Clinical characteristics and outcomes of anti-NMDA receptor-dominant autoimmune encephalitis2026
  5. 5Incidence and associated factors of adverse outcome in children admitted with acute encephalitis syndrome at a tertiary care hospital2025