This framework presents culturally sustaining strategies to enhance English proficiency and maintain diversity.
Ethnic minority universities face the dual imperative of advancing rigorous English proficiency while sustaining linguistic and cultural diversity. This paper proposes CULTURE-an author-defined, mnemonic framework standing for Curriculum alignment, Universal design, linguistically responsive pedagogy, Translingual assessment, Upskilling educators, Resource orchestration, and Ethical governance-tailored to such institutions. Grounded in peer-reviewed journal evidence across translanguaging, genre-based instruction, feedback, assessment, and learning analytics, we present integrated strategies for curriculum, pedagogy, assessment, teacher development, and staged implementation with monitoring and risk controls. The model aims to elevate outcomes, protect data, and honor multilingual identities through culturally sustaining, evidence-based design.
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Xia Zhang (2025) studied this question.
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