Correlation between Estrogen Metabolites and Antioxidant Defense Systems in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women. A Clinical Study

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Clinical study shows lower antioxidant defense in postmenopausal women, suggesting estrogen's protective role.

Higher estradiol and 2-OHE₁ in premenopausal women correlate with increased antioxidant enzyme activities.
Premenopausal women exhibited significantly higher total antioxidant capacity compared to postmenopausal women.
Correlations were found between estradiol and antioxidant markers such as SOD, CAT, and GPx.
The decline in protective estrogens after menopause may elevate oxidative stress susceptibility.

Hameed et al. (2023) studied this question.

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