Immunohistochemical Markers in the Early Identification of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review

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Discussion

Systematic review shows IHC markers enhance early detection of OSCC, suggesting improved patient outcomes.

Immunohistochemical markers show considerable potential in identifying early oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Six studies focusing on sensitivity and specificity of IHC markers were included in the final analysis.
Findings indicate that while IHC markers displayed high sensitivity, variability in study designs limits generalisability.
Standardised protocols and multicentre validation are essential to establish the clinical utility of IHC markers for OSCC.

Alshammari et al. (2025) studied this question.

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