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December 8, 2025BloodOpen Access

Hematologic predictors of serious infection and impact of serious infection on long-term mortality in AML patients: Insights from propensity-matched real-world cohorts

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Authors

KMKiran Sankar Maiti

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Overview

Retrospective analysis reveals serious infections increase mortality risk in AML patients receiving chemotherapy and hypomethylating agents.

Key Points

  • To identify pre-treatment risk factors for infections and evaluate long-term survival outcomes in AML patients.
  • Retrospective cohort study using TriNetX Global Network data from 204 healthcare organizations.
  • Included 9,510 adults with AML receiving chemotherapy agents like cytarabine and idarubicin.
  • Patients developing serious infections assigned to one cohort; non-infected patients to another for analysis.
  • Statistical measures compared outcomes, risk ratios, and propensity score matching used to reduce confounding.
  • Patients with infections had higher rates of neutropenia (43.8% vs. 30.5%) and thrombocytopenia (32.7% vs. 26.4%).
  • Significantly higher risk of death (53.8% vs. 42.6%) in infected patients over three years.
  • Neutropenia was more severe in the infected group (absolute count < 0.5 × 10³/μL: 45% vs. 37.2%).
  • Infections associated with a 26.5% increased risk of death, indicating a critical impact on long-term survival.

Cite This Study

Kiran Sankar Maiti (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/693624ce4fa91c937236cf8dhttps://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2025-2849
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  5. 5Determinants of early mortality following induction chemotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Experience from a comprehensive cancer center in Latin America2025