Balancing Growth and Sustainability: The Role of Fossil and Renewable Energy in BRICS Economies

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Analysis shows fossil fuels hinder economic growth and increase CO2 emissions in BRICS, highlighting the need for renewable energy access.

Fossil fuel availability significantly hinders economic growth across all quantiles while raising CO2 emissions.
Renewable energy access is shown to have a positive influence on economic growth and a significant reduction in emissions.
Quantile regression analysis indicates that both fossil fuels and renewable energy exhibit contrasting effects on CO2 emissions.
Employing FMOLS and DOLS methods, the research uncovers a complex relationship between energy sources, growth, and sustainability.

Talbi et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Analysis shows fossil fuels hinder economic growth and increase CO2 emissions in BRICS, highlighting the need for renewable energy access.