Part I: Structural Transformation of Bismuth-Based Materials in Dynamic Aqueous Environments and Implications for Subsurface Contaminant Remediation

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Experimental analysis revealed the influence of groundwater chemistry on bismuth material transformations, suggesting enhanced contaminant uptake.

Bismuth-based materials effectively enhance contaminant uptake in dynamic aqueous environments.
Structural transformations of bismuth oxyhydroxide and bismuth subnitrate were studied over 150 days, revealing complex changes.
Groundwater chemistry, including carbonate concentration and pH, significantly impacts the performance of bismuth materials.
The study indicates potential for using bismuth materials in subsurface remediation of contaminants at sites like the Hanford Site.

Escobedo et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Experimental analysis revealed the influence of groundwater chemistry on bismuth material transformations, suggesting enhanced contaminant uptake.