Decompensated Heart Failure in a 10-Year-Old Male: A Case of Rheumatic Heart Disease with Severe Mitral Regurgitation and Pulmonary Hypertension

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Discussion

This case highlights severe mitral regurgitation and pulmonary hypertension in a child, indicating urgent care needs.

Severe mitral regurgitation led to biventricular failure in the patient, emphasizing the risks of untreated rheumatic heart disease.
Clinical examination revealed hypertension and tachycardia, alongside significant abdominal and limb swelling, highlighting rapid deterioration.
Transthoracic echocardiography identified critical abnormalities, while laboratory tests showed signs of systemic involvement with anemia and hypokalemia.
Implications stress the necessity for effective prevention strategies against rheumatic fever, especially in endemic areas like Indonesia.

Fedina et al. (2025) studied this question.

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