Comparative Evaluation of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score Alone Versus Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score With Procalcitonin Versus Procalcitonin Alone in Outcome Prediction Among Intensive Care Unit Patients With Sepsis

Background: Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality in intensive care units (ICUs), necessitating accurate prognostic tools for risk stratification. This study compared the predictive accuracy of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, procalcitonin (PCT) levels, and their combination for 14-day mortality in ICU patients with sepsis. A prospective observational Methods: study was conducted on 50 adult patients with sepsis admitted to the ICU from June 2023 to September 2024. SOFA scores and PCT levels were measured at admission and 48 hours later, with delta SOFA and PCT clearance calculated. Patients received standard ICU care and were followed for 14 days. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis assessed predictive accuracy. Of 50 p Results: atients, 28 (56%) survived, and 22 (44%) died. The area under the curve (AUC) for SOFA at admission was 0.718 (95% CI 0.553–0.883), improving to 0.785 (95% CI 0.638–0.932) at 48 hours. PCT at admission and 48 hours had AUCs of 0.748 (95% CI 0.593–0.903) and 0.830 (95% CI 0.687–0.973), respectively. The SOFAPCT combination at 48 hours yielded an AUC of 0.855 (95% CI 0.716–0.994), surpassing SOFA alone but not PCT alone. Delta SOFA and PCT clearance had AUCs of 0.710 and 0.665, respectively. Combining SOFA with PCT at 48 hours enhances m Conclusion: ortality prediction over SOFA alone but is not superior to PCT alone, which is a robustpredictor.