Techno-economic optimization of battery storage technologies for off-grid hybrid microgrids in multiple rural locations of Bangladesh

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Analysis demonstrates optimal battery configurations improve energy access in rural locations, highlighting sustainability.

The PV-WT-ZnBr Flow battery configuration achieved the lowest Net Present Cost of $171,720, ensuring high economic feasibility.
Systems utilized real hourly load profiles and resource data, showing how local conditions influence hybrid microgrid performance.
Simulation assessments confirm ZnBr batteries are cost-effective, with a 100% renewable fraction and zero carbon emissions.
Sensitivity analysis indicates that resource variability significantly impacts component costs and performance of energy systems.

Ali et al. (2025) studied this question.

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