September 5, 2025CureusOpen Access

Diagnosis of Pelvic Actinomycosis and Fusobacterium Infection Using 16S rRNA Gene Analysis for Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Tissue After Intrauterine Device (IUD) Removal

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Case report of mixed infection diagnosis using 16S rRNA gene analysis in a patient post IUD removal, indicating a significant diagnostic challenge.

Diagnosis of pelvic actinomycosis and fusobacterium was achieved using 16S rRNA gene analysis.
Imaging and clinical signs initially indicated malignancy, but histopathological examination showed no malignant cells.
Next-generation sequencing revealed a mixed infection, highlighting the importance of molecular techniques for diagnosis.
The case demonstrates that infections can mimic gynecological malignancy, necessitating careful diagnostic procedures.

Kitakura et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Case report of mixed infection diagnosis using 16S rRNA gene analysis in a patient post IUD removal, indicating a significant diagnostic challenge.