Analysis of Studentsâ€™ Cognitive Conceptual Understanding on Temperature and Heat Material Using a Four-Tier Multiple Choice Diagnostic Test

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Discussion

Analysis reveals a high rate of misconceptions about temperature and heat in students, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

Overall achievement averaged 30%, indicating significant challenges in students' understanding of temperature and heat concepts.
Psychometric analysis confirmed good reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.88) and adequate item validity for the diagnostic test used.
A Four-Tier Multiple-Choice Diagnostic Test was employed, categorizing responses into Understands Concept, Lacks Knowledge, Misconception, and Error.
Findings underscore the diagnostic power of four-tier instruments, suggesting their broader application in physics education to address misconceptions.

Aini et al. (2025) studied this question.

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