Placement of ureteric stents to address postoperative urinary leakage in calyceal diverticulum with partially duplicated ureters resembling a renal cyst: A case report

Renal pelvic diverticulum accounts for fewer than 5% of renal cystic lesions. Its coexistence with a duplicated renal system is exceedingly rare, posing significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. These cases require differentiation from typical renal cysts and often necessitate a unique management approach. A 57-year-old woman was initially misdiagnosed with a simple renal cyst and underwent laparoscopic cyst unroofing and decompression. Postoperatively, she developed persistent urinary leakage. Further investigation revealed a renal pelvic diverticulum associated with ureteral duplication. Renal pelvic diverticulum combined with duplicated renal pelvis and ureter. The patient underwent bilateral retrograde ureteral stent placement via flexible ureteroscopy, along with the insertion of a transurethral indwelling catheter to facilitate urinary drainage. At the 2-month follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic. Renal ultrasonography showed a 1 cm cystic lesion in the mid-pole of the right kidney without any perirenal fluid collection. Bilateral ureteral stents were successfully removed. This case highlights the importance of distinguishing renal pelvic diverticula from simple cysts using advanced imaging modalities and demonstrates an effective strategy for managing postoperative complications such as urinary leakage.