Rare Calyceal Diverticulum in a 10-year-old Child: A Case Report

A calyceal diverticulum is an outpouching of the collecting system into the renal parenchyma. A 10-year-old obese child was presented with on and off fever associated with polyuria for 2 months. Initial ultrasound showed complex cysts at the upper pole of right kidney and was thought to be Wilm’s tumour with cystic features. CT renal in delayed phase revealed passive filling of the “cysts”. The patient was treated conservatively with antibiotics and was discharged. Calyceal diverticulum is rare, happening in only 0.21 to 0.6% of intravenous urograms of both adults and children. Underlying chronic phimosis and recurrent urinary tract infection could have contributed to the formation of calyceal diverticulum. Calyceal diverticulum should be considered as a possible diagnosis in children when the patient is presented with urinary tract symptoms and multiple cysts are found on ultrasound. CT renal is required to diagnose this condition although it gives higher radiation dose to the child.