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September 5, 2026Journal of Cardiothoracic SurgeryOpen Access

COVID-19 is linked to broad cardiovascular complications driven by endothelial dysfunction.

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Population

Adult and pediatric populations with COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 infection)

Design

Review

Key result

COVID-19 is associated with a broad spectrum of cardiovascular complications, including myocardial injury, heart failure, arrhythmias, and thromboembolic events, driven by endothelial dysfunction.

Authors

JSJohn ShaibMNMalek Al NakouziLSLauren Christy Sfeir

Discussion

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Overview

Supports CV monitoring in COVID-19 patients; leaves open targeted endothelial therapies for prospective validation.

Key Points

  • To synthesize clinical evidence on the acute and long-term cardiovascular manifestations and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms associated with COVID-19 infection.
  • Conducted a clinically oriented narrative review synthesizing evidence on cardiovascular presentations, underlying mechanisms, and risk factors across adult and pediatric populations.
  • COVID-19 causes diverse cardiovascular complications, including myocardial injury, myocarditis, heart failure, arrhythmias, acute coronary syndromes, and thromboembolic events driven by endothelial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, immune dysregulation, and hypercoagulability.
  • Older age, male sex, and pre-existing cardiovascular disease consistently associate with worse clinical outcomes, whereas children primarily experience cardiac involvement in the context of multisystem inflammatory syndrome.
  • Persistent post-acute cardiovascular sequelae are frequently observed, underscoring the necessity of targeted risk stratification and multidisciplinary longitudinal surveillance.

Structured PICO

P
Population
Adult and pediatric populations with COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 infection)

COVID-19 is a multisystem disease with significant short- and long-term cardiovascular implications, underscoring the need for early risk stratification and longitudinal multidisciplinary follow-up.

Limitations

  • Many available studies are observational and vary considerably in patient populations, outcome definitions, and duration of follow-up
  • The relative contributions of direct viral injury and immune-mediated damage remain incompletely understood
  • Long-term pediatric data remain limited

Cite This Study

Shaib et al. (2026) conducted a review in COVID-19. COVID-19 was evaluated. COVID-19 is associated with a broad spectrum of cardiovascular complications, including myocardial injury, heart failure, arrhythmias, and thromboembolic events, driven by endothelial dysfunction.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9bd3c76b95aff0620eae84https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-026-04628-2
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19 Disease: A Narrative Review2025 · 10 citations
  2. 2MYOCARDIAL INJURY IN COVID-19 AND HEART RHYTHM DISORDERS IN THE ACUTE AND LATE PERIODS2025
  3. 3Cardiovascular disease prevention and management in COVID-19: a clinical consensus statement of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology, the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging, the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing & Allied Professions, the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions, and the Heart Failure Association of the ESC2025
  4. 4Cardiovascular Sequelae of COVID-19 in Adult Population: A Scoping Review2024
  5. 5A brief review of the cardiovascular complication of COVID-19 what is the pathophysiology of arrhythmia during infection?2025