Clinical review reveals minimally invasive techniques reduce morbidity for esophageal leiomyoma, highlighting the value of personalized, size-adapted decision algorithms.
Key Points
To review minimally invasive surgical and endoscopic treatment modalities for esophageal leiomyoma and synthesize an evidence-based clinical management algorithm.
Evaluated perioperative innovations—such as CO₂ insufflation, intraoperative endoscopy, and ERAS protocols—using GRADE-informed evidence assessments.
Minimally invasive and robotic enucleation approaches show early evidence of reduced postoperative morbidity and shorter hospital stays compared to open thoracotomy.
A structured decision algorithm integrating tumor size, anatomical location, morphology, and growth dynamics refines procedural selection.
Identified critical gaps in current literature, specifically a lack of prospective randomized validation, long-term comparative outcomes, and comprehensive cost-effectiveness data.