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July 18, 2026Open Access

Severe stenosed arterial models exhibit increased velocity and wall shear stress with downstream pressure drops.

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Population

Three-dimensional healthy, 25%, 50%, and 60% stenosed arterial models of bifurcated brachial artery

Comparison

Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation under… vs Healthy arterial models and varying degrees of…

Design

Preclinical

Key result

Severe stenosed arterial models exhibited increased velocity magnitude and wall shear stress at the stenosis region, with a noticeable pressure drop downstream due to intensified flow disturbance.

Authors

AHAhmed Hammad

Discussion

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Overview

CFD models capture stenosis-related flow disturbances; leaves open clinical translation pending patient validation.

Key Points

  • This research aims to investigate the effects of stenosis severity on blood flow dynamics in arteries using computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
  • Developed three-dimensional models of healthy and stenosed arteries (25%, 50%, and 60%) using SOLIDWORKS.
  • Simulated blood flow under steady and transient conditions in ANSYS Fluent using both Newtonian and non-Newtonian blood assumptions.
  • Analyzed variations in velocity distribution, pressure, wall shear stress, and recirculation behavior under different physiological conditions.
  • Severe stenosis led to increased velocity (magnitude and concentration) and wall shear stress (WSS) at the stenosis region with a significant pressure drop downstream.
  • Notable recirculation regions were identified near the bifurcation entrance in healthy and low stenosed models, with dominant recirculation in highly stenosed cases.
  • CFD models demonstrated ability to accurately represent arterial hemodynamics, corroborating findings from previous studies.

Structured PICO

P
Population
Three-dimensional healthy, 25%, 50%, and 60% stenosed arterial models of bifurcated brachial artery
E
Exposure
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation under steady and transient flow conditions using Newtonian and non-Newtonian blood assumptions
C
Comparator
Healthy arterial models and varying degrees of stenosis
O
Outcome
Velocity distribution, pressure variation, wall shear stress (WSS), and flow recirculation behaviorsurrogate

CFD modeling successfully demonstrates the hemodynamic impact of varying stenosis severity, highlighting its potential as a non-invasive tool for vascular disease assessment.

Cite This Study

Ahmed Hammad (2026) studied Stenosed arteries. Stenosis severity (25%, 50%, and 60% stenosed arterial models) vs. Healthy arterial model was evaluated on Velocity distribution, pressure variation, wall shear stress (WSS), and flow recirculation behavior. Severe stenosed arterial models exhibited increased velocity magnitude and wall shear stress at the stenosis region, with a noticeable pressure drop downstream due to intensified flow disturbance.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a5b183e18557b26c203a3d8https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21398661
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