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July 12, 2026Cardiology

Clinical predictors of 30-day readmission after heart failure hospitalization in a Low- and Middle-income country

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Population

557 adult patients hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of heart failure between January 2020 and December…

Design

Cohort

Follow-up

30 days

Key result

A prior history of heart failure hospitalization was independently associated with an increased risk of 30-day unplanned all-cause readmission (adjusted OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.0-3.8; p=0.04).

Authors

KJKabir JitenderZBZainab BatoolSSSher Muhammad Sethi

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Overview

Identifies 30-day HF readmission predictors in LMIC; extends high-income data but leaves open validation and intervention trials.

Key Points

  • The study aims to identify the rate and clinical predictors of 30-day readmission following heart failure hospitalization in a low- and middle-income country.
  • Conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients hospitalized with heart failure in Pakistan between January 2020 and December 2022.
  • Extracted baseline demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables from electronic health records.
  • Performed multivariable logistic regression to analyze predictors of readmission.
  • Among 557 patients, 172 (30.9%) experienced 30-day readmission.
  • Prior history of heart failure hospitalization was associated with increased readmission risk (adjusted OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.0–3.8; p = 0.04).
  • The model showed acceptable calibration (Hosmer–Lemeshow p = 0.25) but only modest discrimination (C-statistic 0.62).

Study Design

Type

Cohort (n=557)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

P
Population
557 adult patients hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of heart failure at a tertiary care center in Pakistan, evaluated for 30-day readmission.
O
Outcome
Unplanned all-cause readmission within 30 days of dischargehard clinical

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 1.9 (95% CI 1–3.8)

p-value: p=0.04

In a low- and middle-income country setting, nearly one-third of patients hospitalized for heart failure experienced 30-day readmission, with prior heart failure hospitalization being the only independent clinical predictor.

Limitations

  • Inpatient clinical markers alone demonstrated limited predictive utility

Cite This Study

Jitender et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Heart failure (n=557). Prior history of heart failure hospitalization vs. No prior history of heart failure hospitalization was evaluated on Unplanned all-cause readmission within 30 days of discharge (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.0-3.8, p=0.04). A prior history of heart failure hospitalization was independently associated with an increased risk of 30-day unplanned all-cause readmission (adjusted OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.0-3.8; p=0.04).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a5331ce4f7abc118adeda67https://doi.org/10.1159/000553526
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