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June 19, 2026JACC AdvancesOpen Access

PE-attributable mortality in US HF patients rose ~5% annually between 2010 and 2020.

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Population

U.S. patients with heart failure aged ≥25 years (n=38,129 who died from PE)

Design

Cohort

Follow-up

11 years (2010 to 2020)

Key result

Between 2010 and 2020, age-adjusted pulmonary embolism-attributable mortality among U.S. patients with heart failure increased by an average of 4.7% annually (95% CI: 3.3%-6.1%; P<0.001).

Authors

MZMarco ZuinANAnju NohriaSHStanislav Henkin

Discussion

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Overview

May warrant closer PE monitoring in HF; leaves open optimal prevention strategies.

Key Points

  • The study evaluates trends in pulmonary embolism-attributable mortality among heart failure patients in the U.S. from 2010 to 2020.
  • Analyzed data from the CDC database for patients with heart failure aged ≥25 years.
  • Used joinpoint regression to assess age-adjusted mortality rates and trends.
  • Examined concurrent trends in heart failure prevalence using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data.
  • 38,129 heart failure patients died from pulmonary embolism, with a proportionate mortality of 9.8%.
  • Age-adjusted mortality rates increased by 4.7% annually, with significant rises for younger adults and certain racial groups.
  • Concomitant increases in risk factors such as obesity, smoking, and chronic kidney disease were noted.

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=38,129)

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

P
Population
38,129 U.S. adults aged ≥25 years with heart failure who died from pulmonary embolism between 2010 and 2020.
O
Outcome
Trends in pulmonary embolism (PE)-attributable mortality (Age-adjusted mortality rates)hard clinical

Main Result

Effect estimate: Average annual percentage change +4.7% (95% CI 3.3%-6.1%)

p-value: p=<0.001

Pulmonary embolism-attributable mortality among U.S. patients with heart failure has risen significantly from 2010 to 2020, particularly among younger adults and certain ethnoracial groups.

Cite This Study

Zuin et al. (2026) conducted an observational in Heart failure and pulmonary embolism (n=38,129). Time period (2010-2020) was evaluated on Age-adjusted mortality rates for pulmonary embolism-attributable mortality (Average annual percentage change +4.7%, 95% CI 3.3%-6.1%, p=<0.001). Between 2010 and 2020, age-adjusted pulmonary embolism-attributable mortality among U.S. patients with heart failure increased by an average of 4.7% annually (95% CI: 3.3%-6.1%; P<0.001).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a35982fdd3be7785e70ecc9https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacadv.2026.102841
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