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June 12, 2026AIDS

Women with HIV had a higher risk of incident CVD compared to matched women without HIV (aHR 1.933, 95% CI 1.709-2.188) than men with HIV compared to matched men without HIV (aHR 1.435, 95% CI 1.313-1.568).

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Why the study?

Does HIV infection increase the risk of incident cardiovascular disease differently in men and women?

Population

29,079 participants free of cardiovascular disease at baseline from the All of Us Research Program…

Comparison

HIV infection vs People without HIV, matched 1:5 by sex, age, and…

Design

Cohort

Authors

FSFanghui ShiHXHuiyi XiaSWSharon Weissman

Discussion

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Overview

Women with HIV warrant closer CVD monitoring; leaves open whether targeted interventions improve outcomes.

Key Points

  • This study aims to explore how HIV infection affects cardiovascular disease incidence differently in men and women.
  • Retrospective cohort study using electronic health records from the All of Us Research Program
  • Matched people with HIV to those without HIV based on sex, age, and race/ethnicity using propensity score matching (1:5)
  • Utilized Cox proportional hazards models to investigate sex differences in CVD risk with adjustments for confounders.
  • Women with HIV had an elevated adjusted hazard ratio (aHR = 1.933, 95% CI: 1.709-2.188) for CVD compared to matched women without HIV.
  • Women with HIV showed a higher risk for CVD even with viral suppression (aHR = 1.929, 95% CI: 1.565-2.378) or preserved immune function (aHR = 1.813, 95% CI: 1.455-2.259).
  • No significant difference in CVD risk was observed between men with HIV and matched men without HIV (aHR = 1.133, 95% CI: 0.964-1.332).

Structured PICO

Does HIV infection increase the risk of incident cardiovascular disease differently in men and women?

P
Population
29,079 participants free of cardiovascular disease at baseline from the All of Us (AoU) Research Program, comprising 4,803 people with HIV (PWH) and 24,276 matched people without HIV (PWoH).
I
Intervention
HIV infection
C
Comparator
People without HIV (PWoH), matched 1:5 by sex, age, and race/ethnicity
O
Outcome
Incident cardiovascular disease (CVD)hard clinical

Women with HIV have a disproportionately higher risk of incident cardiovascular disease compared to men with HIV, even when virally suppressed or with preserved immune function.

Cite This Study

Shi et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2bd11d6550ea4541ffe8a1https://doi.org/10.1097/qad.0000000000004567
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Sex differences in cardiovascular disease and associated factors in people living with <scp>HIV</scp> : Evidence from All of Us program2025
  2. 2Risk of chronary heart disease in HIV-infected patients2025
  3. 3Morbidity and risk factors of COVID-19 in people with HIV-1 in Europe: A combined observational cohort and nested case-control study.2025
  4. 4Characterization and risk stratification of coronary artery disease in people living with HIV: a global systematic review2025 · 3 citations
  5. 5Trends and Disparities in Cardiovascular Mortality among HIV-Positive Adults in the United States (2004-2020): A CDC WONDER Database Analysis.2026