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June 7, 2026Diabetes

Stronger diabetes knowledge showed a direct relationship with better diabetes self-management (direct effect = 0.779, 95% CI 0.401-1.157) and an indirect relationship through higher levels of diabetes self-efficacy (indirect effect = 0.193, 95% CI 0.078-0.333).

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Population

228 adults with type 1 or 2 diabetes residing in the U.S. who could read and understand English, mean age…

Design

Cross-sectional

Authors

SHSeongkum HeoTBTAMMY D. BARBEJRJUSTUS RANDOLPH

Discussion

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Overview

Diabetes knowledge is directly and indirectly (via self-efficacy) associated with better diabetes self-management, highlighting potential targets for future interventions.

Key Points

  • To determine the association between diabetes knowledge and self-management and examine diabetes self-efficacy's mediating role.
  • Cross-sectional correlational design using baseline data from two studies.
  • Participants included adults with type 1 or 2 diabetes from the U.S.
  • Data collected via REDCap, with analyses done using PROCESS macro.
  • Overall self-management was poor (mean score 18.0 out of 35.0).
  • Stronger diabetes knowledge positively influenced self-management (direct effect = .779, 95% CI = .401, 1.157).
  • Diabetes self-efficacy mediated the relationship between diabetes knowledge and self-management (indirect effect = .193, bootstrap CI = .078, .333).

Structured PICO

P
Population
228 adults with type 1 or 2 diabetes residing in the U.S. who could read and understand English, mean age 56.5, 37.7% male.
O
Outcome
Diabetes self-managementpatient reported

Diabetes knowledge is directly and indirectly (via self-efficacy) associated with better diabetes self-management, highlighting potential targets for future interventions.

Cite This Study

Heo et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a250bca7def13d035e1bd84https://doi.org/10.2337/db26-1618-p
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Analysis of Factors Related to Diabetes Self-Management in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Areas2025 · 1 citations
  2. 2A Correlational Study on Diabetes - related Stress and Self-management Behaviors in Middle-aged and Young Patients with Type 2 Diabetes2025
  3. 3Effectiveness of mHealth-Based Self-Management Interventions on Self-Efficacy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2025
  4. 4Exploring the relationship between health knowledge, health literacy, self-care, self-efficacy, and glycemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus2025 · 2 citations
  5. 5The association between diabetes management self-efficacy and quality of life among Palestinian patients with type 2 diabetes2025