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June 7, 2026Diabetes

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) produced the largest HbA1c reduction versus minimal-intervention control (MD = -1.02%; 95% CrI -1.48, -0.59), with maximal reductions at approximately 630 METs-min/week.

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Why the study?

Do different exercise modalities and doses improve glycemic control in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Population

Older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from 46 randomized controlled trials

Comparison

Different exercise modalities including… vs Minimal-intervention control

Design

Meta-analysis, null, null

Authors

YPYUMI PARKYSYOUNG-HEON SHINYYYuan Yuan

Discussion

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Overview

All exercise modalities, particularly high-intensity interval training, provide clinically meaningful HbA1c reductions in older adults with type 2 diabetes, with optimal benefits observed at approximately 630 METs-min/week.

Key Points

  • This systematic review aims to compare the effects of different exercise modalities on glycemic control in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  • Systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials.
  • Conducted pairwise, Bayesian network, and dose-response meta-analyses using random-effects models.
  • Included 46 randomized controlled trials measuring glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) outcomes.
  • HIIT produced the largest HbA1c reduction versus minimal-intervention control (MD = −1.02%; 95% CrI −1.48, −0.59).
  • Combined exercise (CE) and mind-body exercise (MBE) showed modest reductions in HbA1c (MD = −0.60%; MD = −0.54%; 95% CrI values provided).
  • Significant HbA1c reductions correlated with exercise volumes between 390 and 840 METs-min/week.

Structured PICO

Do different exercise modalities and doses improve glycemic control in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

P
Population
Older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from 46 randomized controlled trials
I
Intervention
Different exercise modalities including high-intensity interval training (HIIT), combined exercise (CE), mind-body exercise (MBE), continuous aerobic exercise (CAE), and resistance training (RT) at varying doses
C
Comparator
Minimal-intervention control
O
Outcome
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)surrogate

All exercise modalities, particularly high-intensity interval training, provide clinically meaningful HbA1c reductions in older adults with type 2 diabetes, with optimal benefits observed at approximately 630 METs-min/week.

Cite This Study

PARK et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a250b4c7def13d035e1b4fchttps://doi.org/10.2337/db26-2760-lb
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