Special Aspects of the Use and Formation of Active Participles in the 17th-Century Medical Guide Prokhladnyi Vertograd

The article examines short and full active participles extracted from the handwritten medical book of the 17th century Prokhladnyi Vertograd (RGB f. 317, No. 8), against the background of data from other Ancient Russian and Old Russian texts presented in the National Corpus of the Russian Language (ruscorpora.ru). A number of cases of multi-subject use of short participles (or rather, adverbial participles) as a secondary predicate have been found, despite the fact that in birch bark letters of the 11th-15th centuries and petition letters of the 16th-17th centuries, examples of this kind are isolated. The manuscript also contains unique instances of the use of full present participles with the suffixes -uch-, -ach-. In all the texts of the Ancient Russian and Old Russian subcorpuses, with the exception of one (a love spell from 1690-1710), only 5 examples of the participial use of the words lezhachii (3 times), begayuchii, sedyachii and 26 examples of the participial use of the word buduchii, which apparently had a special position, are found. In the love spell of 1690-1710, there are 6 forms with ch: lezhachii, sidyachii, stoyachii, khodyachii, iduchii, spyachii, 4 of which coincide with the adjectives that arose from them. The medical book records only 1 participle that became an adjective in Russian: tekuchii, and 6 participles that have no analogues among adjectives: drozhachii, kashlyuchii, priimayuchii, rastuchii, spyachii, travlyayuchii. At the same time, the translator/copyist of the medical book felt the non-standard nature of the participles with ch, since he allowed hypercorrection in the spelling of the adjective paduchii: ot padushchego neduga, so, perhaps, in his linguistic consciousness there were more participles with the suffixes -uch-, -ach- than were reflected in the text, but he knew how to convert non-standard forms into standard ones.