October 12, 2025Open Access

A Systematic Review of Life Cycle Assessment of Electric Vehicles Studies: Goals, Methodologies, Results and Uncertainties

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This review analyzes life cycle assessments of electric vehicles, showing context-dependent GHG outcomes and highlighting uncertainty treatment.

Results indicate that BEVs provide the largest reductions in life cycle GHG emissions under low carbon conditions, while PHEVs and HEVs serve as transitional technologies.
Electric vehicle life cycle assessments face inconsistencies in uncertainty treatments, with sensitivity analyses being common and probabilistic approaches underutilized.
This systematic review identifies common tools and methodologies in life cycle assessments, emphasizing the importance of transparent reporting for comparability.
Priorities include enhancing reporting standards and adopting more comprehensive modeling approaches to better support policy and decision-making.

Oluwalana et al. (2025) studied this question.

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This review analyzes life cycle assessments of electric vehicles, showing context-dependent GHG outcomes and highlighting uncertainty treatment.