Infraocclusion Following Implant-Supported Restoration in the Anterior Maxillary Region: An 8-Year Follow-Up Case Report

Abstract Background Infraocclusion following anterior maxillary implant restoration is a complication compromising long-term aesthetic and functional outcomes. Although previous reports have described infraocclusion, cases with significant dental arch discrepancies severely impacting occlusal function and aesthetics remain rare. Case presentation: This study reports a case of severe infraocclusion occurring eight years after implant placement in the left maxillary anterior region, analyzing jawbone remodeling patterns and peri-implant soft tissue changes to elucidate mechanisms and optimize therapeutic strategies. A patient presenting with progressive infraocclusion and gingival hyperplasia eight years post-restoration underwent comprehensive evaluation, including Cone Beam Computed Tomography(CBCT) imaging, 3D superimposition of pre- and post-treatment jawbone models (Mimics 21.0 software), and histopathological analysis of soft tissue biopsies. The comparative literature review was conducted to establish diagnostic criteria and evidence-based interventions. Conclusion Persistent vertical and mesiodistal jawbone remodeling contributed to implant infraocclusion, while soft tissue hyperplasia exacerbated aesthetic compromise. Multidisciplinary management integrating 3D-guided prosthetic adjustments and soft tissue recontouring demonstrated clinical efficacy. This case underscores the importance of long-term monitoring and adaptive treatment planning to address dynamic craniofacial changes in anterior maxillary implant rehabilitation.