October 9, 2025Open Access

Blending Words, Bridging Cultures”: Code-Switching or Code-Mixing between Urdu, Punjabi, and English in Social-Media Chatting – A Study of Pakistani University Students

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Study identifies code-switching patterns in social media conversations, suggesting it enhances communication among multilingual students.

Intra-sentential mixing is prevalent in social media chats among bilingual and multilingual students.
The study reveals that the most common language pairs are Urdu-English and Punjabi-English.
Using a corpus-based descriptive methodology, language pair frequencies and communicative purposes were analyzed.
Participants view code-switching as a natural communication method that strengthens group cohesion.

Tahir et al. (2025) studied this question.

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