October 2, 2025ETIKONOMIOpen Access

The Impact of Female Labor Force Participation on Regional Economic and Income Convergence

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Analysis reveals that female labor force participation boosts economic growth in regions, suggesting better education and support are needed.

Female labor force participation significantly boosts regional economic growth, but only with higher education levels.
The study analyzed data from 472 cities in Indonesia from 2016 to 2022, emphasizing the role of education.
Pooled Least Squares and panel data estimation were used to assess the relationship between labor participation and economic convergence.
Introducing longer compulsory education and improved job conditions may enhance female workforce contributions.

Panjaitan et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Analysis reveals that female labor force participation boosts economic growth in regions, suggesting better education and support are needed.