Analysis highlights heat generation effects on hybrid nanofluid flow characteristics, suggesting significant variable interactions in permeable environments.
The paper discusses the effects of a hybrid nanofluid that is magnetically driven in presence of the heat produced on a permeable sheet that rattles the exponential elongation or contraction. The hybrid nanofluid comprises copper nanoparticles and alumina which are dissolved in the carrier fluid, water. The governing equation is then transformed into a simpler (mathematically) one with similarity transformation. MATLAB acts as the solver of the numbers and the bpvc4 is involved in getting the twin answers. Reaction of significant variables to the predominant physical factors and flow characteristics is discussed and explicated by graphical shows. Rather, stability analysis and the resultant results can be used to conclude that the first one, not the other solution is relevant physically. As the proportion of the copper nanoparticle is enhanced by increasing the volume, lthe lcoefficient lof lfriction lrises land lthe llocal lNusselt lnumber lrises las lwell.
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Lakshmikantha et al. (2025) studied this question.