September 25, 2025BuildingsOpen Access

Towards Sustainable Mortar: Optimising Sika-Fibre Dosage in Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) and Silica Fume Blends for 3D Concrete Printing

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A fibre dosage of 0.5% significantly improved the rheological and mechanical properties of 3D-printed mortars, enhancing their performance.
Static yield stress reached 9.35 Pa with 0.5% fibres, while higher dosages resulted in poor extrudability and increased rheological resistance.
Sustainability analysis revealed a reduction in embodied carbon with the use of GGBS and silica fume, compared to conventional mixes.
Compressive strength achieved at 0.5% fibre content was 109.10 MPa, equating to 92% of the strength of the silica fume-only mix.

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This experimental analysis evaluates the impact of fibre reinforcement and SCMs on 3DCP mortars' properties, suggesting optimal formulations.

Si et al. (2025) studied this question.

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This experimental analysis evaluates the impact of fibre reinforcement and SCMs on 3DCP mortars' properties, suggesting optimal formulations.