September 25, 2025CureusOpen Access

Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonists for Spinal Fusion Outcomes: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis

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GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce pseudoarthrosis significantly at six and twelve months, but not at twenty-four months.
In a meta-analysis of 11 studies involving 14,344 participants, the risk ratio for pseudarthrosis was lower with GLP-1 therapy.
The analysis reveals increased acute kidney injury associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists, necessitating careful monitoring.
Further research is needed to refine dosing protocols and patient selection criteria for GLP-1 therapy in orthopedic applications.

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Systematic review shows GLP-1 receptor agonists improve bone fusion in spinal surgery, suggesting promising therapeutic benefits.

Zahed et al. (2025) studied this question.

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