Cytokines dynamics and biological sex differences in SARS-CoV-2 infected people in Cameroon

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Higher levels of IFN-α2, IL-2, and IL-6 were observed in males compared to females upon diagnosis, indicating sex differences in immune response.
Cytokine levels decreased over time in males but increased in females, highlighting changing immune dynamics during recovery.
Males presented a higher viral load than females, though the difference was not statistically significant, suggesting nuanced sex-based responses.
Age-related variation showed individuals aged 40-60 had significantly higher viral load compared to those over 60, indicating possible age effects.

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Observational study highlights cytokine levels and viral load differences between sexes in COVID-19 patients.

Tene et al. (2025) studied this question.

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