Medical Imaging and Pediatric and Adolescent Hematologic Cancer Risk

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Retrospective cohort study found increased hematologic cancer risk from radiation in children, suggesting importance of cautious imaging.

The study found a significant association between radiation exposure from medical imaging and hematologic cancer in children.
During 35 million person-years of follow-up, 2961 hematologic cancers were diagnosed in the cohort.
The relative risk for hematologic cancer increased significantly with higher cumulative radiation doses above 30 mGy.
Estimates suggest that 10.1% of hematologic cancers may be attributable to radiation exposure from medical imaging.

Smith‐Bindman et al. (2025) studied this question.

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