Dynamics of Cropping Pattern and its Drivers and Impacts: A Theil–Sen Estimator Approach in Anantnag District, Kashmir Valley, India

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Paddy cultivation dropped from 38,893 hectares in 2001 to 21,730 hectares by 2020, highlighting alarming declines in rice production.
Perennial fruit crops, such as apples, increased in area from 29,248 hectares to 31,790 hectares, boosting production significantly.
Satellite imagery confirmed a reduction in rice cultivation from 118 sq. km to 50.5 sq. km between 2001 and 2020, driven by climatic changes.
Respondents identified climate change and water scarcity as major factors driving shifts in cropping patterns, emphasizing socio-economic impacts.

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Analysis shows shifts in perennial fruit crops and paddy cultivation in Kashmir, indicating links to rainfall patterns.

Waza et al. (2025) studied this question.

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