Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease in Children Aged Less Than 5 Years in the Northern Territory Between 2010 and 2020

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Retrospective audit revealed high rates of acute rheumatic fever and heart disease in children, highlighting the need for better management.

Children aged less than 5 years in remote Northern Territory exhibited a significant prevalence of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease.
Of 82 children analyzed, 127 cases of acute rheumatic fever and 33 cases of rheumatic heart disease occurred yearly per 100,000 population.
A retrospective audit evaluated demographics and clinical outcomes over a decade, determining ARF recurrence in 23% of cases.
The findings underscore the need for proactive screening and management, particularly for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children.

Stephenson et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Retrospective audit revealed high rates of acute rheumatic fever and heart disease in children, highlighting the need for better management.