September 10, 2025Scientific ReportsOpen Access

Effective removal of dyes from aqueous systems by waste-derived carbon adsorbent: physicochemical characterization and adsorption studies

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Maximum dye adsorption capacities reached 1227.17 mg g⁻¹ for Reactive Blue 19 and 235.74 mg g⁻¹ for Reactive Red 195, indicating high effectiveness.
Adsorption equilibrium occurred within 150 minutes under varied dye concentrations, emphasizing the method's efficiency in practical applications.
Isotherm modeling revealed the Freundlich model as the best fit, suggesting multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces of the adsorbent.
Thermodynamic analysis indicated spontaneous and endothermic adsorption processes, with favorable thermodynamic values highlighting the adsorbent's potential.

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Study demonstrates generous dye adsorption capacities in aqueous systems, suggesting walnut shell carbon's practical use for wastewater treatment.

Kuyucu et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Study demonstrates generous dye adsorption capacities in aqueous systems, suggesting walnut shell carbon's practical use for wastewater treatment.