September 10, 2025CureusOpen Access

Radiation Exposure, Knowledge, and Compliance in Upper Tract Urological Surgery: A Systematic Review

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Discussion

Systematic review examines radiation safety protocols and PPE compliance in urological surgery, highlighting key knowledge gaps.

Higher PPE compliance significantly reduced radiation exposure among urologists, indicating effective safety measures.
An educational intervention resulted in a 99.9% increase in PPE compliance, emphasizing its critical role in training.
Systemic barriers and limited education contributed to lower compliance rates, especially for eye and hand protection.
Protocol modifications, including pulsed fluoroscopy, were associated with reduced exposure risk in surgical settings.

Veera et al. (2025) studied this question.

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