Patients receiving retreatment experienced higher rates of unsuccessful treatment outcomes, emphasizing the need for targeted strategies.
Heteroresistant patterns linked to rpoB gene mutations showed significantly increased odds of treatment failure, highlighting genetic factors in treatment challenges.
Patients co-infected with HIV or using substances like alcohol and tobacco had worse treatment outcomes, stressing the importance of comorbidity management.
Rural patients faced greater challenges, including higher rates of loss to follow-up, necessitating tailored approaches for different demographics.