September 10, 2025Frontiers in PsychologyOpen Access

Boosting executive function in children aged 3–12 through musical training: a three-level meta-analysis

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Musical training significantly enhances children's executive function, with a notable effect size of g = 0.350.
Longer duration of musical training correlates with greater improvements in executive function, emphasizing duration's role.
The meta-analysis synthesized data from 46 studies, totaling 3,530 participants, enhancing the findings' reliability.
Findings suggest that musical training is particularly effective in collectivist countries, indicating cultural influences.

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Meta-analysis reveals musical training improves executive function in children, highlighting efficacy in collectivist cultures.

Cai et al. (2025) studied this question.

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