Processing, Microstructure and Performance of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites for Engineering Applications—A Review

Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) stand at the forefront of materials science, offering a revolutionary blend of metallic matrix with a diverse array of reinforcements, tailored by type and geometry to deliver unparalleled physical, mechanical, thermal, and corrosion-resistant properties. These advanced materials have become the backbone of high-performance applications across industries such as aerospace, automotive, defense, electronics, and space exploration, where their exceptional strength, toughness, and adaptability meet the demands of cutting-edge engineering challenges. Researchers and engineers are working tirelessly to develop MMC production technologies in order to reduce costs and make them more affordable. This review delves into the state-of-the-art fabrication technologies shaping MMC production, from traditional casting and powder metallurgy to emerging hybrid processing methods. We explore how these advancements address longstanding challenges, such as cost barriers and material limitations, while unlocking new opportunities for customization and scalability. This study encourages readers to learn how MMCs are not only satisfying current demands but also opening the door for a future of stronger, smarter, and more sustainable technologies by showcasing recent innovations and their revolutionary effects on engineering and advanced manufacturing.